Barotrauma ear drips1/17/2024 ![]() These 2 laws are essential to understanding and treating pressure-related diving disorders that develop because of problems caused by the mechanical effects of pressure on closed air spaces (barotrauma) or problems caused by breathing gases at elevated partial pressure (decompression sickness). Henry’s law explains decompression sickness and states that the amount of a given gas that is dissolved in a liquid at a given temperature is directly proportional to the partial pressure of that gas. Boyle’s law explains pressure-related diving conditions like barotrauma, stating that at a constant temperature, the volume of gas inversely varies with pressure applied. To understand this behavior more thoroughly, a brief overview of 2 gas laws is necessary. The otologic conditions of barotrauma and decompression sickness that can result from scuba diving are related to the behavior of gas changing under pressure as the diver descends. Increased depth and pressure also leads to a decrease in gas volume and an increase in the amount of gas dissolved in body tissues. As depth increases, the diver breathes gas of increased density while the diving equipment provides oxygen and allows for elimination of carbon dioxide. ![]() ![]() 16 Given the popularity of scuba diving, it is incumbent on every physician to know and understand the specific medical hazards and conditions associated with scuba diving.īarometric pressure at sea level is 100 kPa and increases linearly underwater with every 10 meters of descent, adding 100 kPa. Roughly two-thirds of these certified divers are men (mean age: men, 30 years women, 27 years). According to the Professional Association of Diving Instructors (PADI), as of February 2015, more than 23 million diver certifications have been issued across the globe, with a mean 900,000 certifications in more than 200 countries issued annually.
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